Government of India has given emphasis to achieve 4% growth rate in agriculture. Bihar State is trying to achieve 7% growth rate in coming years. This State has low productivity in comparison to National average except in Maize and having huge potential to increase productivity in Paddy, Wheat, Maize, Pulses and Oilseeds. Bihar is on the way and increasing their yield potential year by year.
Although potential to use fertilizers are very high in the state, but consumption is low in comparison to other states like Punjab, Haryana, Andhra Pradesh, UP and Maharashtra. If fertilizers are made available to the farmers in time and with sufficient quantity, it will certainly increase production and productivity.
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Consumption of Nutrients during last 5 years (In MTs.)
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Nutrient
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2011-12
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2012-13
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2013-14
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2014-15
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2015-16
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N
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970260
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1111280
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954950
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1000390
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1249800
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P
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289600
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325600
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209840
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235110
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340910
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K
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107140
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90030
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95980
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111170
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106160
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Consumption Kg/ha.
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163.81
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183.76
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150.20
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160.82
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201.07
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Nutrient ratio.
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9.1:2.7:1
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12.3:3.6:1
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9.9:2.2:1
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9:2.1:1
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11.8:3.2:1
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The fertilizer/nutrient consumption from 2006-07 and onward is increasing gradually in the state.
Fertilizer Movement :
The fertilizer requirement for the State is prepared according to expected crop coverage area and is placed to GOI, in zonal conference organised at New Delhi. Department of Agriculture, GOI and Department of fertilizers, GOI fix the target of fertilizers requirement for the State as per discussion with State representative and FAI. According to the target fixed by GOI, State prepares district wise and districts prepares Block wise and month wise supply plan of different fertilizers.
When State receives monthly company wise supply plan from DOF (GOI), State allocate this to all the districts according to district requirement and company wise allocation. Company receives the fertilizers at rail rake point and distribute this to their wholesalers or retailers of rake point district and other district as per their district wise allocation given by State. Wholesalers' sale fertilizers to their retailers and finally retailers sale fertilizers to the farmers.
There are two types of fertilizers :
1.Controlled:-Urea
2. Decontrolled: - DAP, MAP, TSP, MOP, NPK & SSP (all P& K fertilizers)
In controlled Urea: 1. Regulated under ECA, 2. Deregulated 3. Imported
Urea is allocated by Govt. of India under E C Act. Department of Fertilizers gives company wise movement plan under ECA, deregulated and Imported sources every month to State. State prepare district wise distribution plan with the coordination of companies and Lead Fertilizer Supplier (LFS) according to district requirement.
P & K fertilizers are supplied in the State with the negotiation of companies and whatever they want to supply in the whole season. Then State prepare district wise supply plan according to requirement of the district and made available to the companies.
Current arrangement of allocation by GOI
Department of Fertilizers, GOI are giving company wise supply plan of Urea, DAP, NPK and MOP to the State according to requirement of the State. Then State prepare district wise supply plan for each companies according to district requirement and GOI allocation with the coordination of companies and Lead Fertilizer Supplier (LFS).
Highest consumption of Fertilizers
Kharif
Urea: July, August and September
DAP, MOP, Complex and SSP: June, July and August
Rabi
Urea: November, December and January
DAP, MOP, Complex and SSP : November and December